If you suffer from schizophrenia or epilepsy your symptoms may worsen. You may experience more frequent and severe infections without noticing the symptoms as well as opportunistic infections caused by a usually harmless microorganism in case of an impaired immune system or the recurrence of dormant tuberculosis. You may develop sterile abscesses enclosed collections of pus, likely to turn into hard solid lumps as they scar. There may be an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells.
Hormonal endocrine disorders Menstrual irregularities, lack of menstruation, abnormal hair growth, development of Cushingoid state symptoms of which include central obesity with thin arms, thinning of the skin with easy bruising, muscle wasting and weakness, high blood pressure, uncontrolled blood sugar, osteoporosis. Children and adolescents may have suppressed growth.
Your response to stress caused by trauma, surgery or illness may be reduced. You may also experience decreased carbohydrate tolerance, onset of latent diabetes mellitus, increased need for insulin or other medicines if you are diabetic. You may notice that you gain weight or have an increased appetite. Your body may also have difficulty in handling nitrogen, calcium, sodium or potassium appropriately. You may feel increased pressure in your head with impaired vision, vertigo, headache or in preterm infants cerebral palsy malformation of the brain may occur.
You may develop cataracts or feel increased pressure in the eye or notice abnormal bulging out of the eyeballs or thinning of the cornea or the white, outer coat of the eyeball. Your vision may become blurred due to congestion of the optic disc or glaucoma with possible damage to the optic nerves.
Secondary eye infections due to fungi or viruses can occur as can rare instances of blindness associated with local therapy around the face and head. Premature babies may suffer retinopathy. Disorders of the blood vessels or heart High blood pressure, blood clots in the veins. Susceptible patients may develop heart failure, or the heart tissue may rupture following a recent heart attack.
In infants with a low birth weight a heart muscle disease hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may occur. If you are treated for multiple myeloma with dexamethasone in combination with lenalidomide or thalidomide you will have an increased risk of thromboembolic events including: Deep vein thrombosis a blood clot in the veins of your leg — a symptom of this is leg pain; Pulmonary embolism a blood clot in the arteries leading to your lungs — a symptom of this is chest pain or shortness of breath.
Disorders of the stomach or the digestive system You may suffer nausea, hiccups, heartburn or reflux or infection or inflammation of the tube that leads to your stomach. Peptic ulcer may occur with possible bleeding or perforation of the small and large bowel particularly if you have inflammatory bowel disease.
Your pancreas may become inflamed pancreatitis or your stomach may swell. Your skin may become thin or fragile with red or blood spots or bruising or it may become lighter or darker hypo- or hyperpigmentation. Your face may become unusually red or you may have acne, swelling around the eyes, mouth and hands, hives, allergic dermatitis or stretch marks. Wounds may take longer to heal, skin tests may be affected and you may sweat more.
After injection into a vein you may feel a burning or tingling sensation especially in the perineal area skin between anus and genital organs. Your doctor may need to adjust your diabetes medication, exercise program , or diet.
Caution is advised when using this drug in the elderly because they may be more sensitive to its side effects, especially osteoporosis. Talk with your doctor about ways to prevent bone loss. This medication may slow down a child's growth if used for a long time. Consult the doctor or pharmacist for more details. See the doctor regularly so your child's height and growth can be checked. This medication should be used only when clearly needed during pregnancy. There have been rare reports of harm to an unborn baby when corticosteroids are used during pregnancy.
Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor. Infants born to mothers who have been using this medication for an extended time may have low levels of corticosteroid hormone.
It is unknown if this drug passes into breast milk. However, similar drugs pass into breast milk and are unlikely to harm a nursing infant.
Consult your doctor before breast- feeding. Interactions Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.
Some products that may interact with this drug include: Other medications can affect the removal of dexamethasone from your body, which may affect how dexamethasone works. Examples include azole antifungals such as ketoconazole , barbiturates such as phenobarbital , rifamycins such as rifampin , certain medications used to treat seizures such as phenytoin , among others.
If your doctor has directed you to take low-dose aspirin for heart attack or stroke prevention usually at dosages of milligrams a day , you should continue taking it unless your doctor instructs you otherwise. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details. This medication may interfere with certain laboratory tests including skin tests , possibly causing false test results.
Make sure laboratory personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug. Overdose If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing , call Otherwise, call a poison control center right away.
US residents can call their local poison control center at Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Notes Do not share this medication with others. Consult your doctor for more details.
Lifestyle changes that help reduce the risk of bone loss osteoporosis during long-term treatment include doing weight -bearing exercise , getting adequate calcium and vitamin D , stopping smoking , and limiting alcohol. Talk with your doctor about lifestyle changes that might benefit you. Hypokalemia may increase risk of toxicity. May cause decreased half-life and increased clearance of dexamethasone.
May reduce dexamethasone metabolism by increasing transcortin levels. Increases risk of hyperglycemia. Increases metabolism of these drugs. May increase area under the curve and decrease clearance of dexamethasone. Monitor patient for increased adverse effects. Monitor serum potassium level. Defer skin testing until therapy is completed. Decreases antibody response and increases risk of neurologic complications.
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