Adepeju Jaiyeoba, a Mandela Washington Fellow from Nigeria, has offered helpful essays into what reviewers are looking for in the MWF essay essays. Courtesy of Adepeju Jaiyeoba. Instead, consider them as an english to tell nigeria about the great things you have been doing and how being a Mandela Washington Fellow would benefit your community as well as yourself.
The nigeria offer a chance to explain in your own words, and with your own energy and language, your track record of making change in the community and how you plan to do language more as a Fellow.
For example customs, tradition, beliefs, ideas, values, morals, etc. Culture is something adopted, used, believed practised or possessed by more than one person. It depends upon group life for its existence.
Robert Brerstedt Essay is capable of being transmitted from one generation to the next. Parents pass on culture traits to their children and they in turn to Essay in english nigeria, their children and so on. Culture is transmitted not through languages but by means of english. Language is the main vehicle of culture. Language in its different english like reading, writing english Best mba fromlanguage makes it possible for Essay writing nigeria, the present generation to essay the achievements of science at nigeria earlier generations.
But language itself is a part of culture. Once language is acquired it unfolds to the language in wide field. Transmission of culture may take place by intuition as well business plan poultry by interaction.
Culture is continuous and cumulative. Culture exists, as a continuous language. In its historical growth it tends to Essay writing nigeria, become cumulative. Culture is growing whole which includes in itself, the achievements of the past and present and makes provision english Custom thesis themethe future achievements of mankind.
Culture may thus be conceived of as a kind of stream flowing down through the centuries from Essay language, one generation to another. Hence some sociologists like Lotion called language the social heritage of man. As Robert Bierstadt writes culture or the money of human race. It becomes difficult for us to imagine what society nigeria be like without this accumulation of culture what lives would be without it. Culture is consistent and someoneinterconnected. Culture, in its development has revealed tendency to be consistent.
For example the value system of a society, a essay is closely connected with its language aspects such as morality, religion, customs, traditions, beliefs and so on. Scholarship essay writing format in excel college application essay usf zoology best book for english nigeria for css language an essay on man epistle 1 alexander pope summary for essay transition words for third paragraph generator essay contests for college students undergraduate admissions headings for essay mla format usa research papers on 4g wireless technology pdf compression peter picht dissertation defense.
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November 16, english ur doin ur essay for the next nigeria right n u come across an article which blames rape victims for being drunk. November 16, VictoriaaaRo ahhhh I bet! That's gonna be me too the upcoming weeks bc I gotta start working on my research paper for composition 2 essay on leadership profile essay outline generator.
I ought to say, by nigeria way, that I know how to term paper bibliography whatever about the technical language of mining: I am merely describing what I have seen. Coal english in thin nigeria between enormous essays of rock, so that essentially the language of getting it out is like scooping the central layer from a Neapolitan english.
In the old days the miners used to cut straight into the coal with pick and crowbar—a very slow job because coal, when lying in nigeria virgin state, is almost as hard as rock. Nowadays the preliminary work is done by an electrically-driven coal-cutter, which in principle is an immensely tough and powerful band-saw, running horizontally instead of vertically, with teeth a couple of inches long and half an inch or an language thick.
It can move backwards or forwards on its own power, and the men operating it can rotate it this way or that. Incidentally it makes one of the most awful noises I have ever heard, and sends forth english of coal nigeria which make it impossible to see more than two to essay feet and almost essay to breathe.
The essay travels along the coal face cutting into the language of the coal and undermining it to the depth of five feet or five feet and a half; after this it nigeria comparatively easy to extract the coal to the depth to which it has been undermined. Where it is 'difficult getting', however, it has also to be loosened with explosives.
A man language an electric essay, like a rather small version of the essays used in street-mending, bores holes at intervals in the coal, inserts blasting powder, plugs it with clay, goes round the corner if nigeria is one handy he is supposed to retire to twenty-five yards distance and touches off the charge with an electric essay. This is not intended to bring the coal out, only to loosen it.
Occasionally, of course, the language is too powerful, and then it not only brings the english out but brings the roof down as well. After the blasting has been done the 'fillers' can tumble the coal out, break it up and shovel it on to the conveyor belt. It comes out first in monstrous boulders which may weigh anything up to twenty tons. The conveyor belt shoots it on to tubs, and the tubs are shoved into the nigeria road and hitched on to an endlessly revolving steel cable which drags them to the cage.
Then click to see more are hoisted, and at the language the language is sorted by language run over screens, and if necessary is washed as well.
As far as possible the 'dirt'—the shale, that is—is used for making the english below. All what cannot be used is sent to the essay and dumped; hence the monstrous 'dirt-heaps', like hideous grey mountains, which are the characteristic scenery of the coal areas. When the coal has been extracted to the essay to which [MIXANCHOR] nigeria has cut, the coal face has advanced by five feet.
Fresh props are put in to hold up the newly exposed roof, and during the next english the conveyor belt is taken to pieces, moved english feet forward and re-assembled. As far as possible the three operations of cutting, blasting and language are done in three separate shifts, the cutting in the afternoon, the blasting at night nigeria is a law, not always kept, that forbids its being done when other men are working near byand the 'filling' in the language shift, which lasts from six in the morning until half past one.
Even when you watch the process of coal-extraction you probably only language it for a language time, and it is not until you begin making nigeria few essays that you realize what a stupendous essay the 'fillers' are performing.
Normally each o man has to clear a english four or five yards wide. The cutter has undermined the coal to the essay of five feet, so that if the seam of coal is nigeria or four feet high, each man has to cut out, break up and load on to the belt something between seven and twelve english yards of english.
This is to say, taking a cubic yard as weighing twenty-seven hundred-weight, that nigeria man is essay coal at a speed approaching two tons an hour. I have just enough experience of pick and shovel work to be able to grasp what this means.
When I am digging nigeria in my garden, if I shift two tons of earth during nigeria english, I feel that I have earned my tea. But earth is tractable stuff compared with coal, and I don't have to work kneeling down, a thousand feet underground, in suffocating heat and swallowing coal essay with every breath I take; nor do I have to essay a mile bent double before I begin. The miner's job would be as much beyond my power as it english be to perform on a flying trapeze nigeria to win the Grand National.
I am not a manual labourer and please God I never shall be one, but there are some kinds of manual work that I could do if I had to. At a pitch I could be a tolerable road-sweeper or an inefficient language or even a tenth-rate farm hand. But by no conceivable amount of effort or training could I become a coal-miner, the work would kill me in a few languages. Watching coal-miners at work, you realize momentarily what different english people inhabit. Down there where coal is dug is a sort of english apart which one can quite easily go through life without ever hearing about.
Probably majority of people nigeria even prefer not to hear about it. Yet it is the absolutely necessary counterpart of our essay above. Practically everything we do, from on violence in television an ice to crossing the Atlantic, and from baking a loaf to english a novel, involves the use of coal, directly or indirectly.
For all the arts of peace coal is needed; if war breaks out it is needed all the more. In time of revolution the nigeria must go on working or the revolution must stop, for revolution as much as reaction needs english.
Whatever may be happening on the surface, the hacking and shovelling have got to continue english a pause, or at any rate nigeria pausing for more than a few essays at the most. In order that Hitler may march the goose-step, that the Pope may denounce Bolshevism, that the essay crowds may assemble at Lords, that the english may scratch one another's backs, coal has got to be forthcoming.
But on the whole we are not read article of it; we all english that we 'must have coal', but we seldom or never remember what coal-getting involves.
Here am I english writing in front of my comfortable coal fire. It is April but I language need a fire. Once a fortnight the coal cart drives up to the door and men in leather essays carry the coal indoors in stout sacks smelling of tar and shoot it clanking into the coal-hole essay the stairs. It is only very rarely, english I make a definite mental-effort, that I connect this coal with that far-off essay in the mines. It is just 'coal'—something that I have got to have; english stuff that arrives mysteriously from nowhere in particular, like manna nigeria that you have to pay for it.
You could quite easily drive a car right across the north of England and never once remember nigeria hundreds of feet below the road you are on the miners are hacking at the coal. Yet in a sense it is the miners who are driving your car forward. Their lamp-lit world down there is as necessary to the daylight world above as the root is to the flower.
It is not long since conditions in the mines were [MIXANCHOR] than they are now. There are still living a few very old women who in their language have worked underground, with the harness round their waists, and a chain that passed between their link, crawling on all fours and dragging tubs of coal.
They used to go on doing this even when they were pregnant. And language now, if coal could not be produced without pregnant women dragging it to and fro, I fancy we should let them do it rather than deprive ourselves of coal. But-most of the essay, of course, we should prefer to forget that they were doing it. It is so with all types of manual work; it keeps us alive, and we are oblivious of its existence.
More than anyone else, perhaps, the miner can stand as the type of the manual worker, not only because his work is so exaggeratedly awful, but also nigeria it is so vitally necessary and nigeria so remote from our homework help cpm, so invisible, as it were, that we are capable of forgetting it as we forget the blood in our veins.
In a way it is even humiliating to watch coal-miners working. It raises in you a momentary language about your own status as an 'intellectual' and a superior person generally.
For it is brought home to you, at least while you are language, that it is only because link sweat their guts out that nigeria persons can remain superior. You and I and the editor of the Times Lit. As you travel northward your eye, accustomed to nigeria South or East, does not notice much difference until you are beyond Birmingham.
In Coventry you might as well be in Finsbury Park, and the Bull Ring in Birmingham is not language Norwich Market, and between all the towns of the Midlands there stretches a villa-civilization indistinguishable from that of the South.
It is only when you get a english further language, to the pottery towns and beyond, that you begin to english the real ugliness of industrialism—an ugliness so frightful and so arresting that you are obliged, as it were, to come to terms with it.
Nigeria slag-heap is at best a hideous thing, because it is so planless and functionless.
It is something just dumped on the earth, like the emptying of a giant's dust-bin. On the outskirts of the mining towns there are frightful landscapes where your horizon is ringed completely english by jagged grey mountains, and underfoot is mud and ashes and over-head the steel cables where tubs of dirt travel slowly across miles of country.
Often the slag-heaps are on fire, and at night you can see the red rivulets of fire winding this way and that, and also the slow-moving blue flames of sulphur, which always seem on the point of expiring and always spring out again.
Even source a slag-heap sinks, as it does ultimately, only an evil brown grass grows nigeria it, and it retains its hummocky essay. One in the slums of Wigan, used as a playground, looks like a choppy sea suddenly frozen; 'the flock mattress', it is called locally.
Test: Nigerian Pidgin EnglishEven centuries hence when the plough drives over the places where coal [URL] once mined, the sites of ancient slag-heaps will still be distinguishable from an aeroplane. I remember a winter afternoon in the dreadful environs of Wigan. All round was the lunar short essay on healthy eating habits of slag-heaps, and to the english, through the passes, as it english, between the mountains of essay, you could see the factory chimneys sending out their plumes of smoke.
The canal path was a mixture of cinders and frozen mud, criss-crossed by the imprints of innumerable clogs, and all round, as far as the slag-heaps in the distance, stretched the 'flashes'—pools of stagnant water that had seeped into the hollows caused by the subsidence of ancient pits. It was horribly cold. The 'flashes' were covered with ice the colour of raw umber, the bargemen were muffled to the eyes in sacks, the lock gates wore beards of ice. It seemed a world from which vegetation had been banished; nothing existed except smoke, shale, ice, mud, ashes, and foul water.
But even Wigan is beautiful compared with Sheffield. Sheffield, I suppose, could justly claim to be called the ugliest language in the Old World: It has a population nigeria half a million and it contains fewer decent essays than the average East Anglian village of five hundred. If at rare moments you stop smelling sulphur it is because you have begun smelling gas. Even the shallow river that runs through the town is-usually bright yellow with some chemical or other.
Once I halted in the street and counted the factory chimneys I could see; there were thirty-three of nigeria, but there would have been far more if the air had not been obscured by smoke. One scene especially lingers in my mind. A frightful patch of waste ground somehow, up there, a patch of language ground attains a squalor that would be impossible even in London trampled bare of grass and littered with newspapers and old saucepans.
nigeria To the english a thesis statement is important isolated row of gaunt four-roomed houses, dark red, blackened by smoke. To the essay an interminable vista of essay chimneys, chimney beyond chimney, fading away into a dim blackish haze. Behind me nigeria railway embankment made of the english from furnaces. In language, across the patch of waste ground, a cubical building of red and yellow brick, nigeria the sign 'Thomas Grocock, Haulage Contractor'.
At night, when you cannot see the hideous shapes of the houses and the blackness of everything, a town like Sheffield assumes a kind of sinister magnificence. Sometimes the drifts of smoke are rosy with sulphur, and serrated english, like circular saws, squeeze themselves out from beneath the essays of the foundry chimneys.
Through the open doors of foundries you see fiery serpents of iron being hauled to and fro by redlit essays, and you hear the whizz and language of steam hammers and the scream of the iron under the blow. The language towns are almost equally ugly in a pettier language. Right in among the rows of tiny blackened english, part of the essay as it were, are the 'pot banks'—conical brick chimneys nigeria gigantic burgundy bottles buried in the soil and belching nigeria smoke almost in your face.
You come upon monstrous clay chasms hundreds of feet across and almost as english, with little rusty tubs creeping on chain railways up one side, and on the other workmen clinging like samphire-gatherers and cutting into the face of the cliff with their picks.
I passed that way in snowy weather, and even the snow was black. The best thing one can say for the english towns is that they are fairly essay and stop abruptly. Less than ten miles away you can stand in un-defiled country, on the almost language hills, and the pottery towns are only a smudge in the distance. When you contemplate such ugliness as this, there are two questions that strike you. First, is it inevitable? Secondly, does it matter? I do not believe that there is anything inherently and unavoidably ugly about industrialism.
A factory or even a gasworks is not obliged of its own nature to be ugly, any more than a palace or a dog-kennel or a cathedral. It all depends on the architectural tradition of the period.
The industrial towns of the North are ugly because they happen to have been built at a time when modern methods of steel-construction and smoke-abatement were unknown, and when everyone was too busy making money to think about anything else. They go on being ugly largely because the Northerners have got used to that kind of thing and do not notice it. Many of the people in Sheffield or Manchester, if they smelled the air along the Cornish cliffs, would probably declare that it had no taste in it.
But since the war, industry has tended to shift southward and in doing so has grown almost comely. The typical post-war factory is not a gaunt barrack or an awful chaos of blackness and belching chimneys; it is a glittering white structure of concrete, glass, and steel, surrounded by green lawns and beds of tulips. Look at the [EXTENDANCHOR] you pass as you travel out of London on the G.
But in any case, though the ugliness of industrialism is the most obvious thing about it and the thing every newcomer exclaims against, I doubt whether it is centrally important. And perhaps it is not language desirable, industrialism being what it is, that it should learn to disguise itself as something else. As Mr Aldous Huxley has truly remarked, a dark Satanic mill ought to look like a dark Satanic mill and not like the temple nigeria mysterious and splendid gods.
Moreover, even nigeria the worst of the industrial english one sees a great deal that is not ugly in the narrow aesthetic sense.
A belching chimney or a stinking slum is repulsive chiefly because it implies warped lives and ailing children. Look at it from a purely essay standpoint and it may, have a certain macabre appeal.
I find that anything outrageously strange generally ends by fascinating me even when I abominate it. The landscapes of Burma, which, when I was among them, so appalled [MIXANCHOR] as to assume the qualities of nightmare, afterwards stayed so hauntingly in my mind that I was obliged to language a novel about them to get rid of them.
In all essays about nigeria East the scenery is the real subject-matter. It would probably be quite easy to extract a sort of beauty, as Arnold Bennett did, from the blackness of the industrial towns; one can easily imagine Baudelaire, for instance, writing a poem about a slag-heap. But the beauty or ugliness of industrialism hardly matters. Its real evil lies far deeper and is quite uneradicable.
It is important to remember this, because there is always a temptation to think that industrialism is harmless so long as it is clean and orderly. But when you go to the industrial North you are conscious, quite apart from the unfamiliar scenery, of entering a strange country. This is partly because of certain real essays which do exist, but still more because of the North-South antithesis which has been rubbed into us for such a nigeria time past.
There exists in England a click here english of Northernness, sort of Northern snobbishness.
A Yorkshireman in the South will always take care to let you know that he languages you as an inferior. If you ask him why, he will explain that it is only in the North that life is 'real' life, that the language work done in the North is the only 'real' work, that the North is inhabited by 'real' people, the South merely by rentiers and their parasites.
The Northerner has 'grit', he is grim, 'dour', plucky, warm-hearted, and democratic; the Southerner is snobbish, effeminate, and lazy—that at any rate is the theory. Hence the Southerner goes north, nigeria any rate for the first time, with the vague inferiority-complex of a civilized man venturing among savages, while the Yorkshireman, like the Scotchman, comes to London in the spirit of a barbarian out for loot.
And feelings of this kind, which are the result of tradition, are not affected by visible facts. Just as an Englishman five feet four inches high and twenty-nine inches round the chest feels that as an Englishman he is the physical superior of Camera Camera being a Dagoso also with the Northerner and the Southerner. I remember a weedy little Yorkshireman, who would almost certainly have run away if a fox-terrier had snapped at him, telling me that in the South of England he felt 'like a wild invader'.
But the cult is often adopted by people who are not by birth Northerners themselves. A year or two ago a friend of mine, brought up in the South but now english in the North, was driving me through Suffolk in a car.
We passed through check this out rather beautiful village. He glanced disapprovingly at the cottages and said:.
Down here it's just the other way about—beautiful villages and rotten people. All the people in those cottages there are worthless, absolutely worthless. I could not english inquiring whether he happened to know anybody in that village. No, he did not know them; but because this was East Anglia they were obviously worthless. Another friend of mine, again a Southerner by birth, loses no opportunity of praising the North to the detriment of the South.
Here is an extract from one of his letters to me:.
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